Personal, academic, and business writing come under the category of functional writing.

- Academic writing is formal in style and uses the third-person perspective. Its focus is on facts and issues rather than the writer’s opinion. Academic writing never uses slang words and jargon. Abstracts, book reviews, and conference papers are examples of academic writing formats.
- Business writing employs clear and precise language to facilitate easy-to-read communication. Ideas are presented with examples in simple sentences in the active voice. Examples of business writing are letters, memos, emails, press releases, and resumes.
- Personal writing is subjective writing for any purpose, oriented toward the individual writer’s needs. So, it is based on opinions and feelings rather than on facts or evidence. Narrative essays fall into this category.
WORKS CITED
Guffey, Mary Ellen, and Dana Loewy. Essentials of Business Communication. 12th ed., Cengage Learning, 2022.
Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL). “The Writing Process: Personal, Academic, and Professional Writing.” Purdue University, 2024, https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/subject_specific_writing/professional_technical_writing/index.html.
Dr Aswathy Aravindakshan is a teacher, bilingual writer and artist with over two decades of experience in teaching English language and literature. She currently serves as Assistant Professor of English at NSS College for Women, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. Her blog, ashlit.in brings together academic resources, creative writing in Malayalam and English, and visual art. The platform features lecture notes, study materials, poems, reflections, short prose, and a curated collection of her paintings. Through this space, she seeks to foster learning, creativity, and meaningful engagement with literature and the arts.
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