Translanguaging is an important approach in English Language Teaching (ELT) that helps learners use all the languages they know to learn English more effectively.
Translanguaging is the practice of using multiple languages during the learning process. In ELT classrooms, students often come from different linguistic backgrounds and may know more than one language. Translanguaging allows learners to use their mother tongue (MT) along with English to understand lessons and express ideas confidently. Instead of keeping languages separate, this approach encourages students to connect languages naturally as they learn.
In ELT, translanguaging helps students understand difficult concepts more easily. Learners can discuss ideas in their MT before speaking or writing in English. This reduces fear and confusion, especially among beginners. It also helps students participate actively in classroom activities because they feel more comfortable using familiar languages. As a result, learners become more confident and motivated.
Translanguaging also supports the development of thinking skills and creativity. Students can connect prior knowledge from their own language with new knowledge in English. It respects learners’ cultural and linguistic identities and fosters an inclusive classroom atmosphere where every language is valued.
Teachers can use translanguaging in many simple ways in ELT classrooms. Students may read a text in English and discuss its meaning in Malayalam before answering questions in English. Learners can first write ideas in their MT and later translate them into English. During group discussions, students may use a mix of languages to share ideas and then present the final work in English. Teachers may also explain difficult words or concepts using the students’ mother tongue when necessary.
However, translanguaging should be used carefully and purposefully. The main aim of ELT is still to help students develop English language skills. Therefore, teachers should use translanguaging to support English learning rather than as a replacement for English practice.
Translanguaging makes ELT classrooms more inclusive and learner-friendly by helping students use all their language resources to learn English with confidence.
Dr Aswathy Aravindakshan is a teacher, bilingual writer and artist with over two decades of experience in teaching English language and literature. She currently serves as Assistant Professor of English at NSS College for Women, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. Her blog, ashlit.in brings together academic resources, creative writing in Malayalam and English, and visual art. The platform features lecture notes, study materials, poems, reflections, short prose, and a curated collection of her paintings. Through this space, she seeks to foster learning, creativity, and meaningful engagement with literature and the arts.
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